Class Struggle Explored in House of the Spirits and Uncle...

The House of the Spirits and Uncle Vanya are two famous international literary works written within a century of each other. Despite the differences in time periods of which the two works were written, they both seem to convey the literary theme of class struggle between the poor lower class and the rich upper class elites. Both elaborate on the feelings of resentment and regret as a result of the hardships of life around them as demonstrated through hidden historical connections, literary devices such as parables and themes, and love reminiscences. Since the beginning of civilization, class struggle has existed not only as a result of economic conditions but societal conditions as well (Thirteen Notes on Class Struggle for Discussion).†¦show more content†¦There was the upper elite class of government officials, the middle class, and the serfs. If one was not in the upper or middle class than life was miserable. A lot of citizens had to make sacrifices just so that they co uld continue to live in the meager existence that life afforded. There was no place to go other than down and no opportunities to better themselves as an individual. Chekhov lived in a place where people often became depressed, bitter, and filled with enmity (Chekhov 60). Just as individuals in House of the Spirits had to struggle against their government to survive and increase their standard of living so did the people in Uncle Vanya. Likewise, both Esteban Trueba and Vanya made sacrifices in their lives for love as a result of the stigma of social class. Esteban fell in love with Rosa the Beautiful, daughter of a senator. Since he was below her station and could not possibly have been able to provide for her in the way that she was accustomed to, he went to work as a mineworker for several years so that he would have enough money to provide a stable home for her and give her everythin g she desired (Allende 44). For years, Trueba worked in a mine he hated and just when he had discovered something in the mine that would make him rich for life Rosa died. Her death would later cause him

Retirement Stereotypes and Combined Effects of Gender...

Differential Consequences and Rewards of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Younger and Older Workers Employees are increasingly pushing back retirement leading to an older and higher proportion of older employees in the workplace. In fact, the SHRM Workplace Forecast (2013) released by The Society for Human Resource’s listed the generation gap as a top future workplace trend. In addition, women are to becoming more and more a part of today’s workforce. However, both older individuals and women remain highly stereotyped groups. A majority of workplace stereotypes toward older adults and women are unfounded and serve as unfair hurdles towards these groups. A common stereotype of elder individuals is that they are less innovative†¦show more content†¦Debate within organizations stems from how discretionary such roles can actually be described as being. Van Dyne and LePine (1998) define such behavior as: not specified in advance, not recognized by a formal reward system, and not a source of punitive behavior; however, others argue that these behaviors are in fact in-role behavior and are expected of employees (Bolino, 1999). Noting that job descriptions were becoming more ambiguous, Organ (1997) defended OCB by altering the definition to â€Å"contributions to the maintenance and enhancement of the psychological context that support task performance. In 2006, he further defended the discretionary nature by once more redefining the construct: ‘discretionary contributions that go beyond the stric t description and that do not lay claim to contractual recompense from the formal reward system’ (see Spitzmuller et al 2006). Conflict in the literature is formulated around how to understand the underlying dimensions. When the OCB was initially introduced it was comprised of two dimensions:Show MoreRelatedWomen, Ageism, and Poverty in Canada2779 Words   |  12 Pagesentered into old age, the discrimination of ageism was realized and reflected. The disparity of work, the inequality of retirement funds and the perception of ageing leads to ageism disproportionately affecting women which results in poverty in old age. When feminists apply specific methods and strategies to combat ageism, older women will be able to participate in a full and equal life in their later years. Ageism is a negative perception of older people by way of stereotypes and biases. 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Education during French Revolution Essay Example For Students

Education during French Revolution Essay 28. 10. 2013 How was the education like during the French Revolution? Even though the French Revolution brought terror and It seems Like nothing good came out of it, in the following sections youll find out that the educational system was one of the things that did improve and what the education was like before, during and after the revolution. Not only that people realized their need for education, but also important figures, as Napoleon, supported them and came with new ideas. Before the French Revolution, life in French was easy for the rich people (clergy, nobles and argosies) In all ways, Including education. All over the countries there were lots of Important and well-paid colleges. Universities and elementary schools. All financed by the Catholic Church. There were over 50,000 students from which 3,000 were scholarship students. Rarely, some of the wealthy poor afforded education and they were not discriminated in any way, they studied in the same places as the rich ones. Teachers were very well paid, they were allowed to teach in their ways and they did not have any kind of diploma. During the revolution, the educational system suffered lots of changes. As the Catholic Church lost most of Its power, the colleges did not receive that much money so 9 of 10 were sold or closed. The education was not one of the main problems during the revolution so for a small amount of time people did not receive proper education. Most of the teachers and the students (most of them being nobles) went to war, education was no longer important. Professors of law and medicine earned their income by being lawyers or physicians. Teaching was a part- time Job. The Jacobin, as many others, had the Idea of unity and uniformity but they were also the first ones who thought that education was Important and that the school should be public and free. There were also private schools but they werent as popular as the public ones. After the French revolution, during Napoleons empire, the educational system changed into a way that we are still using these days. He gave enough money to all the schools so that the ones that had been closed during the revolution could reopen. A student had to go through Elementary School, Secondary School, College and then University. They studied mathematics, physics and chemistry, natural history, scientific method and psychology, political economy and legislation, the philosophic history of peoples, hygiene, arts and crafts, general grammar, belles letters, ancient languages, painting and drawing. All the subject are going to be studied in French instead of Latin as a result of theunity and uniformity. Napoleon was the first one who agreed with the rights of woman and eve them the right to education. He thought that In order to raise great children, women have to be educated. There were different schools for women, which they learnt fewer things than the boys. Women did not go to university. All the teachers had to be qualified. These are the changes that the educational system had been through along the French Revolution and even though, the revolution seemed useless, this is one of the few good things that happened during it. Figures that brought terror, like Napoleon or The Jacobin, improved things that made a preference after a long amount of time.

The Replacements free essay sample

The Replacements are finally growing up, for better or worse. The AMats played at the Orpheum Theatre in February to a mixed crowd. The boys have tamed considerably from their younger days. Slim Dunlap, guitarist, rarely even faced the audience. Towards the end, Tommy Stinson, bassist and best dressed musician of any decade, performed some splits in the air, but that was as wild as it got. As usual, there were some pauses between songs when they were deciding what to play. On the whole, though, it was a well structured show. The bands new drummer, Steve Foley, fit in adequately, but the audience knew who was still running the show: The Replacements frontman Paul Westerburg. As for the material played, most songs were from their latest release, All Shook Down. The band played a few older tunes, and even ventured into a couple of almost acoustic bluesy numbers. The souped-up version of Talent Show and Bent Out of Shape were something to hear. We will write a custom essay sample on The Replacements or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why dont the AMats play with such fierceness and vitality on their albums? The audience was primarily a thirtysomething crowd. There was a lot of head-bobbing and toe-tapping, but not the kind of things one sees at a rock and roll concert. One raucous group of boys had the audacity to stand up. The good news is The Replacements havent broken up and still know how to rock, if only in concert. The bad news is their fans have grown too old to remember what live shows are, and how to behave. n